References
The frequency of early stomal, peristomal and skin complications
Abstract
Background:
The incidence of early complications after stoma formation (within 30 days of surgery) is difficult to determine and has been reported to be in a range of 3%–82%.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to analyse the onset of stomal, peristomal and skin complications one month (30 days) after ostomy creation.
Method:
This review analysed enteral stoma therapy nurse reports on patients who had an ostomy created between January 2016 and December 2020.
Findings:
Complications were analysed according to ostomy type: colostomy, ileostomy and urostomy. There were 1292 incidences of complications: skin complications were the most common (26%), and abscess the least common (0%).
Conclusion:
A majority (63%) of patients experienced at least one or more complications within 30 days of surgery. Haemorrhage was reported as a complication (2%) but the authors found no data on its incidence in the literature. In addition to early complications, late complications were detected.
The incidence of stoma complications is difficult to determine, especially in Italy, where care provided varies between counties and is not homogeneous (Denti et al, 2020).
Despite the introduction of new surgical techniques and increasingly specific guidelines, many international studies have reported incidence rates for stomal, peristomal and skin complications of between 3% and 82% (Cottam et al, 2007; Kwiatt and Kawata, 2013; Salvadalena, 2013; Ambe et al, 2018; Malik et al, 2018).
Patient-related and surgery-related factors contribute to the risk of stomal complications (Hendren et al, 2015). The main risk factors associated with stomal, peristomal and skin complications include issues with the type and the position of the stoma, emergency surgery and comorbidities, such as heart disease (Chaudhary et al, 2015; Andersen et al, 2018; Denti et al, 2020).
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