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Older adults' self-advocacy in patient safety: a cross-sectional study

12 September 2019
Patient Safety
02 September 2019
Volume 28 · Issue 16

Abstract

Background:

patient advocacy is a major nursing role, which is linked to supporting, encouraging and reinforcing self-advocacy in patients. Patient safety is an important nursing outcome, especially in older adults.

Aims:

older adults' self-advocacy regarding patient safety behaviour and its relationship with some demographic characteristics were assessed.

Methods:

a valid older adult patients' self-advocacy questionnaire, which included subscales of behaviour, self-efficacy, attitude and outcome efficacy (range of scores=0–63), was used. In this cross-sectional study, 230 patients aged over 60 years were selected using a stratified sampling method.

Findings:

an association was found between total self-advocacy score (mean=40.16; SD=9.6) and rural living (β=–0.168; P=0.016) using multiple linear regression analysis. Similar findings were found between questionnaire subscales and sex, rural living, occupation and age.

Conclusion:

older adults, especially women, those of advanced age and those in rural areas, may benefit from nursing interventions to improve their self-advocacy in patient safety.

Older adults' health is one of the most concerning world issues. Their healthcare has gained more importance in recent decades because of medical advances and the increase in the older population (Ghasemi et al, 2017). In Iran, the proportion of the population aged over 60 years is rising continually, and accounted for 9.35% of people in the country in 2016 (about 7.5 million people) (Statistical Center of Iran (SCI), 2018).

A general concern around the care of older adults is patient safety (Williams and Wold, 2015). Factors such as frailty, disease and polypharmacy (Palmer and Roessler, 2000) as well as complexity of care raise the risk of undesirable events in older adults (Le Pogam et al, 2015). Evaluation of safety hazards and making environmental modifications can improve safety (Williams and Wold, 2015). Self-advocacy has been suggested as one of the most effective approaches in promoting older adults' safety (Bishop, 2012; Elder et al, 2008; Jonikas et al, 2013).

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Self-advocacy
Patient safety
Cross-sectional descriptive study
Older adults